6man R. Bonica Internet-Draft Juniper Networks Intended status: Standards Track Y. Kamite Expires: 28 January 2023 NTT Communications Corporation L. Jalil Verizon Y. Zhou ByteDance G. Chen Baidu 27 July 2022 The IPv6 Tunnel Payload Forwarding (TPF) Option draft-bonica-6man-vpn-dest-opt-18 Abstract This document explains how IPv6 options can be used in IPv6 tunnels. It also defines the IPv6 Tunnel Payload Forwarding (TPF) option. Status of This Memo This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." This Internet-Draft will expire on 28 January 2023. Copyright Notice Copyright (c) 2022 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved. This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/ license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components Bonica, et al. Expires 28 January 2023 [Page 1] Internet-Draft IPv6 TPF Option July 2022 extracted from this document must include Revised BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License. Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. Requirements Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3. The IPv6 Tunnel Payload Forwarding (TPF) Option . . . . . . . 4 4. TPF Information Determines Next-Protocol Engine Behavior . . 5 5. TPF Information Semantics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 6. Virtual Private Networking (VPN) Applications . . . . . . . . 6 7. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 8. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 9. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 10. Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 11. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 11.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 11.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1. Introduction This document explains how IPv6 options [RFC8200] can be used in IPv6 tunnels. It also defines the IPv6 Tunnel Payload Forwarding (TPF) option. An IPv6 tunnel [RFC2473] connects two nodes, called the entry-point and the exit-point. The entry-point receives a packet and encapsulates it in a Tunnel IPv6 Header. Figure 1 depicts the encapsulation. Bonica, et al. Expires 28 January 2023 [Page 2] Internet-Draft IPv6 TPF Option July 2022 +----------------------------------//-----+ | Original | | | | Original Packet Payload | | Header | | +----------------------------------//-----+ < Original Packet > | v < Original Packet > +---------+ - - - - - +-------------------------//--------------+ | IPv6 | IPv6 | | | | Extension | Original Packet | | Header | Headers | | +---------+ - - - - - +-------------------------//--------------+ < Tunnel IPv6 Packet > Figure 1: IPv6 Tunnel Encapsulation The original packet can be any layer-2 or layer-3 packet (e.g., Ethernet, IPv4, IPv6). The Tunnel Header is an IPv6 header followed by zero or more extension headers. The resulting packet is a Tunnel IPv6 Packet. The entry-point sends the Tunnel IPv6 Packet to the exit-point which then executes the following procedure: * Process the Tunnel IPv6 Header. * Remove the Tunnel IPv6 Header, exposing the original packet. * Submit the original packet to the next-protocol engine. The exit-point node processes the Tunnel IPv6 Header in strict left- to-right order. It processes the IPv6 header first and then processes extension headers in the order that they appear in the packet. The IPv6 header, and each extension header, includes a Next Header field. The last Next Header field processed identifies the next-protocol engine. Entry-point nodes can send optional information to the next-protocol engine on the exit-point node. For example, the entry-point can indicate: * The interface through which the next-protocol engine should send the packet. Bonica, et al. Expires 28 January 2023 [Page 3] Internet-Draft IPv6 TPF Option July 2022 * The routing table that the next-protocol engine should use to process the packet. To send this information, the entry-point node includes an IPv6 Destination Option header in the Tunnel IPv6 Header. The IPv6 Destination Options header includes an IPv6 TPF option and the IPv6 TPF option includes TPF information. The next-protocol engine on the exit-point node uses TPF information when it forwards the original packet. 2. Requirements Language The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here. 3. The IPv6 Tunnel Payload Forwarding (TPF) Option The TPF Option contains the following fields: * Option Type: 8-bit selector. TPF option. Value TBD by IANA. (Suggested value: 0x41). See Note below. * Opt Data Len - 8-bit unsigned integer. Length of the option, in octets, excluding the Option Type and Option Length fields. This field MUST be set to 4. * Option Data - 32-bits. Tunnel Payload Forwarding (TPF) Information. The TPF option MAY appear in a Destination Options header that precedes an upper-layer header. It MUST NOT appear in a Hop-by-hop Options header or in a Destination Options header that precedes a Routing header. NOTE : The highest-order two bits of the Option Type (i.e., the "act" bits) are 01. These bits specify the action taken by a destination node that does not recognize the option. The required action is to discard the packet. The third highest-order bit of the Option Type (i.e., the "chg" bit) is 0. This indicates that Option Data cannot be modified along the path between the packet's source and its destination. Bonica, et al. Expires 28 January 2023 [Page 4] Internet-Draft IPv6 TPF Option July 2022 4. TPF Information Determines Next-Protocol Engine Behavior An exit-point node supports one or more next-protocol engines (e.g., Ethernet, IPv4, IPv6). Each next-protocol engine supports a default forwarding procedure and zero or more special forwarding procedures. When an exit-point node submits a packet to a next-protocol engine without TPF information, the next-protocol engine executes its default forwarding procedure. For example, assume that the exit- point node receives the following Tunnel IPv6 Packet: * The Tunnel IPv6 Packet does not contain TPF information. * The original packet is IPv4. In this case, the exit-point node processes and removes the Tunnel IPv6 Header. It then submits the original packet, without any TPF information, to the IPv4 protocol engine. The IPv4 protocol engine executes its default forwarding procedure. It searches its Forwarding Information Base (FIB) for and entry that matches the original packet's destination address. If the search returns a FIB entry, the protocol engine forwards the packet through an interface that the FIB entry identifies. When an exit-point node submits a packet to a next-protocol engine with TPF information, the next-protocol engine executes a special forwarding procedure. For example, assume that the exit-point node receives the following Tunnel IPv6 packet: * The Tunnel IPv6 Packet contains TPF information that identifies an interface. * The original packet is IPv4. In this case, the exit-point node processes and removes the Tunnel IPv6 Header. It then submits the original packet, along with TPF information, to the IPv4 protocol engine. The IPv4 protocol engine executes a special forwarding procedure. It forwards the packet through the interface identified by TPF information, without searching the FIB. 5. TPF Information Semantics TPF information is opaque. While it must be understood by the entry- point node and the exit-point node, it does not need to be understood by any other node. Bonica, et al. Expires 28 January 2023 [Page 5] Internet-Draft IPv6 TPF Option July 2022 6. Virtual Private Networking (VPN) Applications The IPv6 TPF option is useful in deployments where IPv6 tunnels carry: * Layer 3 Virtual Private Network (L3VPN) [RFC4364] traffic. * Ethernet Virtual Private Network (EVPN) [RFC7432] traffic. When an IPv6 tunnel carries L3VPN traffic, VPN context information can be encoded in an IPv6 TPF option. Therefore, the MPLS service label that is normally present in an L3VPN packet can be eliminated. When an IPv6 tunnel carries EVPN traffic, VPN context information can be encoded in an IPv6 TPF option. Therefore, the UDP and VXLAN headers that might otherwise be present can be eliminated. 7. Security Considerations TPF information MUST NOT be accepted from untrusted sources. The following are acceptable methods of risk mitigation: * Authenticate the IPv6 TPF option using the IPv6 Authentication Header (AH) [RFC4302] or the IPv6 Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) Header [RFC4303]. * Maintain a secure TPF domain. All nodes at the edge of a secure TPF domain discard packets that satisfy the following criteria: * Contain an IPv6 TPF option. * Contain an IPv6 Destination Address that represents an interface inside of the secure TPF domain. 8. IANA Considerations IANA is requested to allocate a code point from the Destination Options and Hop-by-hop Options registry (https://www.iana.org/assignments/ipv6-parameters/ ipv6-parameters.xhtml#ipv6-parameters-2). This option is called "Tunnel Payload Forwarding Option". The "act" bits are 01 and the "chg" bit is 0. The suggested value is 0x41. Bonica, et al. Expires 28 January 2023 [Page 6] Internet-Draft IPv6 TPF Option July 2022 9. Acknowledgements Thanks to Dr. Vanessa Ameen, Brian Carpenter, Adrian Farrel, Ishaan Gandhi, Tom Herbert, John Leddy, Srihari Sangli and Tony Li for their comments. 10. Contributors Chris Lenart Verizon 22001 Loudoun County Parkway Ashburn, Virginia 20147 USA Email: chris.lenart@verizon.com Greg Presbury Hughes Network Systems 11717 Exploration Lane Germantown, Maryland 20876 USA Email: greg.presbury@hughes.com 11. References 11.1. Normative References [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997, . [RFC2473] Conta, A. and S. Deering, "Generic Packet Tunneling in IPv6 Specification", DOI 10.17487/RFC2473, RFC 2473, December 1998, . [RFC4302] Kent, S., "IP Authentication Header", RFC 4302, DOI 10.17487/RFC4302, December 2005, . Bonica, et al. Expires 28 January 2023 [Page 7] Internet-Draft IPv6 TPF Option July 2022 [RFC4303] Kent, S., "IP Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP)", RFC 4303, DOI 10.17487/RFC4303, December 2005, . [RFC8174] Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC 2119 Key Words", DOI 10.17487/RFC8174, RFC 8174, BCP 14, May 2017, . [RFC8200] Deering, S. and R. Hinden, "Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6) Specification", DOI 10.17487/RFC8200, RFC 8200, STD 86, July 2017, . 11.2. Informative References [RFC4364] Rosen, E. and Y. Rekhter, "BGP/MPLS IP Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)", RFC 4364, DOI 10.17487/RFC4364, February 2006, . [RFC7432] Sajassi, A., Ed., Aggarwal, R., Bitar, N., Isaac, A., Uttaro, J., Drake, J., and W. Henderickx, "BGP MPLS-Based Ethernet VPN", DOI 10.17487/RFC7432, RFC 7432, February 2015, . Authors' Addresses Ron Bonica Juniper Networks 2251 Corporate Park Drive Herndon, Virginia 20171 United States of America Email: rbonica@juniper.net Yuji Kamite NTT Communications Corporation 3-4-1 Shibaura, Minato-ku, 108-8118 Japan Email: y.kamite@ntt.com Luay Jalil Verizon Richardson, Texas United States of America Email: luay.jalil@one.verizon.com Bonica, et al. Expires 28 January 2023 [Page 8] Internet-Draft IPv6 TPF Option July 2022 Yifeng Zhou ByteDance Building 1, AVIC Plaza, 43 N 3rd Ring W Rd Haidian District Beijing 100000 P.R. China Email: yifeng.zhou@bytedance.com Gang Chen Baidu No.10 Xibeiwang East Road Haidian District Beijing 100193 P.R. China Email: phdgang@gmail.com Bonica, et al. Expires 28 January 2023 [Page 9]